Abstract
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is a common human herpesvirus that can lead to a variety of clinical manifestations. We report the case of a 40-year-old previously healthy male who presented with a one-week history of easy bruising, fatigue and pallor. Physical examination revealed multiple petechiae on both lower limbs. The patient’s platelet count was significantly low. Given the clinical presentation and absence of other clear etiologies, a thorough workup was initiated, including viral serologies. Testing revealed a positive result for cytomegalovirus (CMV) IgG, suggesting acute CMV infection. Further investigation confirmed CMV-induced thrombocytopenia, with viral DNA detected in the patient’s blood. The patient started antiviral therapy with ganciclovir and pulse therapy of methylprednisolone. Over the following week, platelet counts gradually improved, and the patient’s symptoms of fatigue and easy bruising resolved. These cases highlight the importance of considering CMV as a potential cause of thrombocytopenia, particularly in patients with nonspecific symptoms like bruising and petechiae. Early diagnosis is critical for effective management, which includes antiviral therapy and supportive care. Clinicians should be aware that CMV-induced thrombocytopenia can occur in immunocompetent individuals, and prompt intervention can lead to favorable outcomes.
Keywords
Cytomegalovirus, Thrombocytopenia, Immunocompetent patient, Low platelets count, Treatment and management.
Introduction
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is known to cause thrombocytopenia, a condition characterized by low platelet counts. Although more commonly associated with immunocompromised patients, CMV-induced thrombocytopenia can also occur in immunocompetent individuals. 1 Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection can cause thrombocytopenia through multiple mechanisms, including bone marrow suppression, immune-mediated destruction, and increased platelet consumption. 2 This case report details the presentation of CMV-induced thrombocytopenia in a previously healthy patient, underscoring the importance of considering CMV in differential diagnoses of thrombocytopenia.
